affaan-m/ECC/docs/es/skills/springboot-patterns/SKILL.md
springboot-patterns
Patrones de arquitectura Spring Boot, diseño de API REST, servicios en capas, acceso a datos, caché, procesamiento asíncrono y logging. Usar para trabajo de backend en Java con Spring Boot.
- Source repository stars
- 234,327
- Declared platforms
- 0
- Static risk flags
- 0
- Last source update
- 2026-07-27
- Source checked
- 2026-07-28
Decision brief
What it does—and where it fits
Patrones de arquitectura y API de Spring Boot para servicios escalables y listos para producción.
Not for
- Tasks that require unconfirmed production actions or broad system permissions.
- Environments where the pinned source and install steps cannot be inspected.
Compatibility matrix
Platform support, with evidence labels
| Platform | Status | Evidence | What to check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Codex | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
| Claude Code | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
| Cursor | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
| Gemini CLI | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
Installation
Inspect first. Install second.
The source command is displayed only when detected. A safe inspection prompt is always available so your agent can explain every action before execution.
npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC --skill "docs/es/skills/springboot-patterns"Inspect the Agent Skill "springboot-patterns" from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/blob/4e973d3eaf92d97f8d2e2d8abb39d8bdc8711b38/docs/es/skills/springboot-patterns/SKILL.md at commit 4e973d3eaf92d97f8d2e2d8abb39d8bdc8711b38. List every install step, command, network request, credential, file read/write, external action, and rollback step. Explain whether it fits my task. Do not install or execute anything until I approve.
Workflow
What the source asks the agent to do
- 01
Cuándo Activar
Construir APIs REST con Spring MVC o WebFlux
Construir APIs REST con Spring MVC o WebFluxEstructurar capas controller → service → repositoryConfigurar Spring Data JPA, caché o procesamiento asíncrono - 02
Estructura de API REST
Review the “Estructura de API REST” section in the pinned source before continuing.
Review and apply the “Estructura de API REST” source section. - 03
Patrón de Repositorio (Spring Data JPA)
Review the “Patrón de Repositorio (Spring Data JPA)” section in the pinned source before continuing.
Review and apply the “Patrón de Repositorio (Spring Data JPA)” source section. - 04
Capa de Servicio con Transacciones
Review the “Capa de Servicio con Transacciones” section in the pinned source before continuing.
Review and apply the “Capa de Servicio con Transacciones” source section. - 05
DTOs y Validación
Review the “DTOs y Validación” section in the pinned source before continuing.
Review and apply the “DTOs y Validación” source section.
Permission review
Static risk signals and limitations
No configured static risk pattern was detected
This is not proof of safety. Runtime behavior, indirect dependencies, and hidden external systems are outside the static scan.
Evidence record
Why each signal appears
| Signal | Value | Evidence type | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quality score | 76/100 | Computed | Documentation, specificity, maintenance, and trust rules |
| Repository stars | 234,327 | Source | Repository attention, not individual Skill quality |
| Compatibility | 0 platforms | Source | Declared in the catalog source record |
| Usage guide | automated source guide | Editorial | Generated or reviewed according to the visible evidence level |
Pinned source
Provenance and original SKILL.md
- Repository
- affaan-m/ECC
- Skill path
- docs/es/skills/springboot-patterns/SKILL.md
- Commit
- 4e973d3eaf92d97f8d2e2d8abb39d8bdc8711b38
- License
- MIT
- Collected
- 2026-07-28
- Default branch
- main
View the original SKILL.md
Patrones de Desarrollo Spring Boot
Patrones de arquitectura y API de Spring Boot para servicios escalables y listos para producción.
Cuándo Activar
- Construir APIs REST con Spring MVC o WebFlux
- Estructurar capas controller → service → repository
- Configurar Spring Data JPA, caché o procesamiento asíncrono
- Agregar validación, manejo de excepciones o paginación
- Configurar perfiles para entornos dev/staging/producción
- Implementar patrones orientados a eventos con Spring Events o Kafka
Estructura de API REST
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/markets")
@Validated
class MarketController {
private final MarketService marketService;
MarketController(MarketService marketService) {
this.marketService = marketService;
}
@GetMapping
ResponseEntity<Page<MarketResponse>> list(
@RequestParam(defaultValue = "0") int page,
@RequestParam(defaultValue = "20") int size) {
Page<Market> markets = marketService.list(PageRequest.of(page, size));
return ResponseEntity.ok(markets.map(MarketResponse::from));
}
@PostMapping
ResponseEntity<MarketResponse> create(@Valid @RequestBody CreateMarketRequest request) {
Market market = marketService.create(request);
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).body(MarketResponse.from(market));
}
}
Patrón de Repositorio (Spring Data JPA)
public interface MarketRepository extends JpaRepository<MarketEntity, Long> {
@Query("select m from MarketEntity m where m.status = :status order by m.volume desc")
List<MarketEntity> findActive(@Param("status") MarketStatus status, Pageable pageable);
}
Capa de Servicio con Transacciones
@Service
public class MarketService {
private final MarketRepository repo;
public MarketService(MarketRepository repo) {
this.repo = repo;
}
@Transactional
public Market create(CreateMarketRequest request) {
MarketEntity entity = MarketEntity.from(request);
MarketEntity saved = repo.save(entity);
return Market.from(saved);
}
}
DTOs y Validación
public record CreateMarketRequest(
@NotBlank @Size(max = 200) String name,
@NotBlank @Size(max = 2000) String description,
@NotNull @FutureOrPresent Instant endDate,
@NotEmpty List<@NotBlank String> categories) {}
public record MarketResponse(Long id, String name, MarketStatus status) {
static MarketResponse from(Market market) {
return new MarketResponse(market.id(), market.name(), market.status());
}
}
Manejo de Excepciones
@ControllerAdvice
class GlobalExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
ResponseEntity<ApiError> handleValidation(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
String message = ex.getBindingResult().getFieldErrors().stream()
.map(e -> e.getField() + ": " + e.getDefaultMessage())
.collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(ApiError.validation(message));
}
@ExceptionHandler(AccessDeniedException.class)
ResponseEntity<ApiError> handleAccessDenied() {
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN).body(ApiError.of("Forbidden"));
}
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
ResponseEntity<ApiError> handleGeneric(Exception ex) {
// Registrar errores inesperados con stack traces
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
.body(ApiError.of("Internal server error"));
}
}
Caché
Requiere @EnableCaching en una clase de configuración.
@Service
public class MarketCacheService {
private final MarketRepository repo;
public MarketCacheService(MarketRepository repo) {
this.repo = repo;
}
@Cacheable(value = "market", key = "#id")
public Market getById(Long id) {
return repo.findById(id)
.map(Market::from)
.orElseThrow(() -> new EntityNotFoundException("Market not found"));
}
@CacheEvict(value = "market", key = "#id")
public void evict(Long id) {}
}
Procesamiento Asíncrono
Requiere @EnableAsync en una clase de configuración.
@Service
public class NotificationService {
@Async
public CompletableFuture<Void> sendAsync(Notification notification) {
// enviar email/SMS
return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
}
}
Logging (SLF4J)
@Service
public class ReportService {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReportService.class);
public Report generate(Long marketId) {
log.info("generate_report marketId={}", marketId);
try {
// lógica
} catch (Exception ex) {
log.error("generate_report_failed marketId={}", marketId, ex);
throw ex;
}
return new Report();
}
}
Middleware / Filtros
@Component
public class RequestLoggingFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RequestLoggingFilter.class);
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} finally {
long duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;
log.info("req method={} uri={} status={} durationMs={}",
request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURI(), response.getStatus(), duration);
}
}
}
Paginación y Ordenamiento
PageRequest page = PageRequest.of(pageNumber, pageSize, Sort.by("createdAt").descending());
Page<Market> results = marketService.list(page);
Llamadas Externas Resilientes a Errores
public <T> T withRetry(Supplier<T> supplier, int maxRetries) {
int attempts = 0;
while (true) {
try {
return supplier.get();
} catch (Exception ex) {
attempts++;
if (attempts >= maxRetries) {
throw ex;
}
try {
Thread.sleep((long) Math.pow(2, attempts) * 100L);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
throw ex;
}
}
}
}
Limitación de Velocidad (Filtro + Bucket4j)
Nota de Seguridad: La cabecera X-Forwarded-For no es confiable por defecto porque los clientes pueden falsificarla.
Solo usar cabeceras reenviadas cuando:
- La aplicación está detrás de un proxy inverso de confianza (nginx, AWS ALB, etc.)
- Se ha registrado
ForwardedHeaderFiltercomo un bean - Se ha configurado
server.forward-headers-strategy=NATIVEoFRAMEWORKen las propiedades de la aplicación - El proxy está configurado para sobrescribir (no agregar) la cabecera
X-Forwarded-For
Cuando ForwardedHeaderFilter está correctamente configurado, request.getRemoteAddr() retornará
automáticamente la IP correcta del cliente desde las cabeceras reenviadas. Sin esta configuración, usar
request.getRemoteAddr() directamente — retorna la IP de la conexión inmediata, que es el único
valor confiable.
@Component
public class RateLimitFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final Map<String, Bucket> buckets = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
/*
* SEGURIDAD: Este filtro usa request.getRemoteAddr() para identificar clientes en la limitación
* de velocidad.
*
* Si la aplicación está detrás de un proxy inverso (nginx, AWS ALB, etc.), se DEBE configurar
* Spring para manejar correctamente las cabeceras reenviadas:
*
* 1. Establecer server.forward-headers-strategy=NATIVE (para plataformas cloud) o FRAMEWORK
* en application.properties/yaml
* 2. Si se usa la estrategia FRAMEWORK, registrar ForwardedHeaderFilter:
*
* @Bean
* ForwardedHeaderFilter forwardedHeaderFilter() {
* return new ForwardedHeaderFilter();
* }
*
* 3. Asegurar que el proxy sobrescriba (no agregue) la cabecera X-Forwarded-For para prevenir
* falsificación
* 4. Configurar server.tomcat.remoteip.trusted-proxies o equivalente para el contenedor
*
* Sin esta configuración, request.getRemoteAddr() retorna la IP del proxy, no del cliente.
* NO leer X-Forwarded-For directamente — es trivialmente falsificable sin manejo de proxy confiable.
*/
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String clientIp = request.getRemoteAddr();
Bucket bucket = buckets.computeIfAbsent(clientIp,
k -> Bucket.builder()
.addLimit(Bandwidth.classic(100, Refill.greedy(100, Duration.ofMinutes(1))))
.build());
if (bucket.tryConsume(1)) {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.value());
}
}
}
Jobs en Segundo Plano
Usar @Scheduled de Spring o integrar con colas (Kafka, SQS, RabbitMQ). Mantener los handlers idempotentes y observables.
Observabilidad
- Logging estructurado (JSON) mediante Logback encoder
- Métricas: Micrometer + Prometheus/OTel
- Trazado: Micrometer Tracing con backend OpenTelemetry o Brave
Configuraciones para Producción
- Preferir inyección por constructor, evitar inyección por campo
- Habilitar
spring.mvc.problemdetails.enabled=truepara errores RFC 7807 (Spring Boot 3+) - Configurar tamaños del pool HikariCP para la carga de trabajo, establecer timeouts
- Usar
@Transactional(readOnly = true)para consultas - Reforzar null-safety mediante
@NonNullyOptionaldonde corresponda
Recuerda: Mantener los controllers delgados, los servicios enfocados, los repositorios simples y los errores manejados centralmente. Optimizar para mantenibilidad y testabilidad.
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