affaan-m/ECC/docs/zh-CN/skills/springboot-security/SKILL.md
springboot-security
Use it for data analysis tasks; the detail page covers purpose, installation, and practical steps.
- Source repository stars
- 234,327
- Declared platforms
- 0
- Static risk flags
- 1
- Last source update
- 2026-07-27
- Source checked
- 2026-07-28
Decision brief
What it does—and where it fits
在添加身份验证、处理输入、创建端点或处理密钥时使用。
Not for
- Tasks that require unconfirmed production actions or broad system permissions.
- Environments where the pinned source and install steps cannot be inspected.
Compatibility matrix
Platform support, with evidence labels
| Platform | Status | Evidence | What to check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Codex | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
| Claude Code | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
| Cursor | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
| Gemini CLI | Not declared | No explicit evidence | Portability before use |
Installation
Inspect first. Install second.
The source command is displayed only when detected. A safe inspection prompt is always available so your agent can explain every action before execution.
npx skills add https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC --skill "docs/zh-CN/skills/springboot-security"Inspect the Agent Skill "springboot-security" from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/blob/4e973d3eaf92d97f8d2e2d8abb39d8bdc8711b38/docs/zh-CN/skills/springboot-security/SKILL.md at commit 4e973d3eaf92d97f8d2e2d8abb39d8bdc8711b38. List every install step, command, network request, credential, file read/write, external action, and rollback step. Explain whether it fits my task. Do not install or execute anything until I approve.
Workflow
What the source asks the agent to do
- 01
何时激活
添加身份验证(JWT、OAuth2、基于会话) 实现授权(@PreAuthorize、基于角色的访问控制) 验证用户输入(Bean Validation、自定义验证器) 配置 CORS、CSRF 或安全标头 管理密钥(Vault、环境变量) 添加速率限制或暴力破解防护 扫描依赖项以查找 CVE
添加身份验证(JWT、OAuth2、基于会话)实现授权(@PreAuthorize、基于角色的访问控制)验证用户输入(Bean Validation、自定义验证器) - 02
身份验证
优先使用无状态 JWT 或带有撤销列表的不透明令牌 对于会话,使用 httpOnly、Secure、SameSite=Strict cookie 使用 OncePerRequestFilter 或资源服务器验证令牌
优先使用无状态 JWT 或带有撤销列表的不透明令牌对于会话,使用 httpOnly、Secure、SameSite=Strict cookie使用 OncePerRequestFilter 或资源服务器验证令牌 - 03
授权
启用方法安全:@EnableMethodSecurity 使用 @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')") 或 @PreAuthorize("@authz.canEdit(id)") 默认拒绝;仅公开必需的 scope
启用方法安全:@EnableMethodSecurity使用 @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')") 或 @PreAuthorize("@authz.canEdit(id)")默认拒绝;仅公开必需的 scope - 04
输入验证
在控制器上使用带有 @Valid 的 Bean 验证 在 DTO 上应用约束:@NotBlank、@Email、@Size、自定义验证器 在渲染之前使用白名单清理任何 HTML
在控制器上使用带有 @Valid 的 Bean 验证在 DTO 上应用约束:@NotBlank、@Email、@Size、自定义验证器在渲染之前使用白名单清理任何 HTML - 05
SQL 注入预防
使用 Spring Data 存储库或参数化查询 对于原生查询,使用 :param 绑定;切勿拼接字符串
使用 Spring Data 存储库或参数化查询对于原生查询,使用 :param 绑定;切勿拼接字符串使用 Spring Data 存储库或参数化查询 对于原生查询,使用 :param 绑定;切勿拼接字符串
Permission review
Static risk signals and limitations
Network access
The documentation includes network, browsing, or remote request actions.
uri: https://vault.example.comNetwork access
The documentation includes network, browsing, or remote request actions.
config.setAllowedOrigins(List.of("https://app.example.com"));Evidence record
Why each signal appears
| Signal | Value | Evidence type | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quality score | 72/100 | Computed | Documentation, specificity, maintenance, and trust rules |
| Repository stars | 234,327 | Source | Repository attention, not individual Skill quality |
| Compatibility | 0 platforms | Source | Declared in the catalog source record |
| Usage guide | automated source guide | Editorial | Generated or reviewed according to the visible evidence level |
Pinned source
Provenance and original SKILL.md
- Repository
- affaan-m/ECC
- Skill path
- docs/zh-CN/skills/springboot-security/SKILL.md
- Commit
- 4e973d3eaf92d97f8d2e2d8abb39d8bdc8711b38
- License
- MIT
- Collected
- 2026-07-28
- Default branch
- main
View the original SKILL.md
Spring Boot 安全审查
在添加身份验证、处理输入、创建端点或处理密钥时使用。
何时激活
- 添加身份验证(JWT、OAuth2、基于会话)
- 实现授权(@PreAuthorize、基于角色的访问控制)
- 验证用户输入(Bean Validation、自定义验证器)
- 配置 CORS、CSRF 或安全标头
- 管理密钥(Vault、环境变量)
- 添加速率限制或暴力破解防护
- 扫描依赖项以查找 CVE
身份验证
- 优先使用无状态 JWT 或带有撤销列表的不透明令牌
- 对于会话,使用
httpOnly、Secure、SameSite=Strictcookie - 使用
OncePerRequestFilter或资源服务器验证令牌
@Component
public class JwtAuthFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final JwtService jwtService;
public JwtAuthFilter(JwtService jwtService) {
this.jwtService = jwtService;
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String header = request.getHeader(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION);
if (header != null && header.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
String token = header.substring(7);
Authentication auth = jwtService.authenticate(token);
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(auth);
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
授权
- 启用方法安全:
@EnableMethodSecurity - 使用
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")或@PreAuthorize("@authz.canEdit(#id)") - 默认拒绝;仅公开必需的 scope
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/admin")
public class AdminController {
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
@GetMapping("/users")
public List<UserDto> listUsers() {
return userService.findAll();
}
@PreAuthorize("@authz.isOwner(#id, authentication)")
@DeleteMapping("/users/{id}")
public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
userService.delete(id);
return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();
}
}
输入验证
- 在控制器上使用带有
@Valid的 Bean 验证 - 在 DTO 上应用约束:
@NotBlank、@Email、@Size、自定义验证器 - 在渲染之前使用白名单清理任何 HTML
// BAD: No validation
@PostMapping("/users")
public User createUser(@RequestBody UserDto dto) {
return userService.create(dto);
}
// GOOD: Validated DTO
public record CreateUserDto(
@NotBlank @Size(max = 100) String name,
@NotBlank @Email String email,
@NotNull @Min(0) @Max(150) Integer age
) {}
@PostMapping("/users")
public ResponseEntity<UserDto> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody CreateUserDto dto) {
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED)
.body(userService.create(dto));
}
SQL 注入预防
- 使用 Spring Data 存储库或参数化查询
- 对于原生查询,使用
:param绑定;切勿拼接字符串
// BAD: String concatenation in native query
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = '" + name + "'", nativeQuery = true)
// GOOD: Parameterized native query
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = :name", nativeQuery = true)
List<User> findByName(@Param("name") String name);
// GOOD: Spring Data derived query (auto-parameterized)
List<User> findByEmailAndActiveTrue(String email);
密码编码
- 始终使用 BCrypt 或 Argon2 哈希密码——切勿存储明文
- 使用
PasswordEncoderBean,而非手动哈希
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(12); // cost factor 12
}
// In service
public User register(CreateUserDto dto) {
String hashedPassword = passwordEncoder.encode(dto.password());
return userRepository.save(new User(dto.email(), hashedPassword));
}
CSRF 保护
- 对于浏览器会话应用程序,保持 CSRF 启用;在表单/头中包含令牌
- 对于使用 Bearer 令牌的纯 API,禁用 CSRF 并依赖无状态身份验证
http
.csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable())
.sessionManagement(sm -> sm.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS));
密钥管理
- 源代码中不包含密钥;从环境变量或 vault 加载
- 保持
application.yml不包含凭据;使用占位符 - 定期轮换令牌和数据库凭据
# BAD: Hardcoded in application.yml
spring:
datasource:
password: mySecretPassword123
# GOOD: Environment variable placeholder
spring:
datasource:
password: ${DB_PASSWORD}
# GOOD: Spring Cloud Vault integration
spring:
cloud:
vault:
uri: https://vault.example.com
token: ${VAULT_TOKEN}
安全头
http
.headers(headers -> headers
.contentSecurityPolicy(csp -> csp
.policyDirectives("default-src 'self'"))
.frameOptions(HeadersConfigurer.FrameOptionsConfig::sameOrigin)
.xssProtection(Customizer.withDefaults())
.referrerPolicy(rp -> rp.policy(ReferrerPolicyHeaderWriter.ReferrerPolicy.NO_REFERRER)));
CORS 配置
- 在安全过滤器级别配置 CORS,而非按控制器配置
- 限制允许的来源——在生产环境中切勿使用
*
@Bean
public CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {
CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
config.setAllowedOrigins(List.of("https://app.example.com"));
config.setAllowedMethods(List.of("GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE"));
config.setAllowedHeaders(List.of("Authorization", "Content-Type"));
config.setAllowCredentials(true);
config.setMaxAge(3600L);
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
source.registerCorsConfiguration("/api/**", config);
return source;
}
// In SecurityFilterChain:
http.cors(cors -> cors.configurationSource(corsConfigurationSource()));
速率限制
- 在昂贵的端点上应用 Bucket4j 或网关级限制
- 记录突发流量并告警;返回 429 并提供重试提示
// Using Bucket4j for per-endpoint rate limiting
@Component
public class RateLimitFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final Map<String, Bucket> buckets = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private Bucket createBucket() {
return Bucket.builder()
.addLimit(Bandwidth.classic(100, Refill.intervally(100, Duration.ofMinutes(1))))
.build();
}
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String clientIp = request.getRemoteAddr();
Bucket bucket = buckets.computeIfAbsent(clientIp, k -> createBucket());
if (bucket.tryConsume(1)) {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} else {
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.value());
response.getWriter().write("{\"error\": \"Rate limit exceeded\"}");
}
}
}
依赖项安全
- 在 CI 中运行 OWASP Dependency Check / Snyk
- 保持 Spring Boot 和 Spring Security 在受支持的版本
- 对已知 CVE 使构建失败
日志记录和 PII
- 切勿记录密钥、令牌、密码或完整的 PAN 数据
- 擦除敏感字段;使用结构化 JSON 日志记录
文件上传
- 验证大小、内容类型和扩展名
- 存储在 Web 根目录之外;如果需要则进行扫描
发布前检查清单
- [ ] 身份验证令牌已验证并正确过期
- [ ] 每个敏感路径都有授权守卫
- [ ] 所有输入都已验证和清理
- [ ] 没有字符串拼接的 SQL
- [ ] CSRF 策略适用于应用程序类型
- [ ] 密钥已外部化;未提交任何密钥
- [ ] 安全头已配置
- [ ] API 有速率限制
- [ ] 依赖项已扫描并保持最新
- [ ] 日志不包含敏感数据
记住:默认拒绝、验证输入、最小权限、优先采用安全配置。
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